Richard wrote:
Of the estimated 12 million illegal immigrants in the United States, studies show about 40 percent to 50 percent came here legally but are now illegal immigrants.
[edit] Present-day countries of origin
In March of 2006 the Pew Hispanic Center (PHC) estimated the undocumented
population ranged from 11.5 to 12 million individuals[46], a number
supported by the US Government Accountability Office (GAO)[47]. Using data
from March of 2004, PHC estimated[48]
Country of Origin Percent of all illegal immigrants
Mexico 57%
Central America (and to a lesser extent, South America) 24%
Asia 9%
Europe and Canada 6%
Other 4%
According to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security[49], the countries of
origin for the largest numbers of illegal immigrants are as follows:
Country of Origin Raw Number
Mexico 5,970,000
El Salvador 470,000
Guatamala 370,000
India 280,000
China 230,000
The Urban Institute, a research group in Washington, D.C., estimates
"between 65,000 and 75,000 undocumented Canadians currently live in the
United States." [50]
[edit] Modes of entry
Modes of Entry for the Unauthorized Migrant Population[51]
Category
Entered Legally with Inspection
a.. Non-Immigrant Visa Overstayers 4 to 5.5 Million
b.. Border Crossing Card Violators 250,000 to 500,000
Entered Illegally without Inspection
a.. Evaded the Immigration Inspectors and Border Patrol 6 to 7
Million
A border crossing card is a card that allows non-immigrants "to commute back
and forth each week from Canada and Mexico".[52]
[edit] Visa overstay
A traveler is considered a "visa overstay" once he or she remains in the
United States after the time of admission has expired. The time of admission
varies greatly from traveler to traveler depending on what visa class into
which they were admitted. Visa overstays tend to be somewhat more educated
and better off financially than those who crossed the border illegally.[53]
To help track visa overstayer the US-VISIT (United States Visitor and
Immigrant Status Indicator Technology) program collects and retains
biographic, travel, and biometric information, such as photographs and
fingerprints, of foreign nationals seeking entry into the United States. It
also requires electronic readable passports containing this information.
Visa overstays mostly enter with tourist or business visas[54]
Percent of Illegal Immigrants who are Visa Overstayers
Year Percent
1994 More than half[55]
2006 45%[56]
[edit] Fraudulent marriage
People have long used sham marriages as a way to enter the United
States.[57] One of the most prominent cases was that of Nada Nadim Prouty, a
Lebanese immigrant who gained entry into the US as a student, but then
married fraudulently to stay in the country, and even became a US citizen
and went on to become an employee of the FBI and the CIA, before pleading
guilty to conspiracy.[58][59] Engaging in a bogus marriage went hi-tech
with the case of a Russian woman and an American man arranging a marriage
over the Internet.[60]
[edit] Border crossing
Each year, an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 illegal immigrants try to make
the 15 to 30-mile (48 km) hike through the wilderness to reach cities in the
United States. "That works out to a city the size of Baton Rouge, La.,
living in the park without a sewage system, without garbage collection,
without a grid of dedicated roads or sidewalks. They move where they want in
four-wheel-drive cars, ATVs, motorcycles, bicycles and their own feet."[61]